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A precise starting definition
IUPAC defines photocatalysis in terms of a change in reaction rate or the initiation of a reaction under ultraviolet, visible or infrared radiation, in the presence of a photocatalyst that absorbs light and participates in the transformation. The exact scientific terminology is more disciplined than simply saying that light 'cleans' a surface.
What happens at a high level
When an appropriate photocatalyst absorbs light with sufficient energy, charge carriers can be generated and surface reactions can follow. Which reactions occur, and how useful they are, depends on the material, light, surrounding substances and the way the catalyst is placed on or in a surface.
Why a coating project is not only chemistry
Commercial results depend on the complete system: substrate preparation, coating formation, light exposure, humidity, airflow, contamination load, maintenance and the method used to observe change. This is why professional application and validation matter.
The first business question
Do not start by asking which product to buy. Start by defining the customer problem, location, substrate, operating conditions and the result that would justify adoption. Product selection and evidence can then be matched to a real decision.
Sources and supporting links
These links are provided so partners and search systems can distinguish verified sources from general explanation.